Law and Ethics in Healthcare

Week 3 Discussion

Criminal Behavior by Healthcare Providers or Organization

The United States federal government has created numerous programs to combat fraud and abuse in the healthcare industry. The government now encourages healthcare facilities to have a corporate compliance program, a plan that reduces the chances that the facility will violate laws or regulations. A corporate compliance program is an organization-wide program comprising a code of conduct and written policies, internal monitoring and auditing standards, employee training, feedback mechanisms, and other features, all designed to prevent and detect violations of governmental laws, regulations, and policies. It is a system or method ensuring that employees understand and comply with laws that apply to what they do every day. The way a corporate compliance program is promoted within an organization can profoundly influence organizational culture.

To prepare for this Discussion:

• Conduct an online search to find a legal case, journal article, or detailed news article that describes a recent criminal case involving the kind of healthcare facility in which you are interested in working. The case you select should focus on fraud or abuse (such as defrauding the Medicare or Medicaid programs, the Stark self-referral law, anti-kickback statute, or price-fixing) or other criminal act, such as patient abuse, murder, or theft. Evaluate the laws that are involved in your case and consider the ramifications of this criminal or civil action on the individuals and organizations involved.
• A good source for cases is the Medicaid Fraud Control Unit. Consider looking through one or two state websites, which can be accessed at the About the Medicaid Fraud Control UnitsLinks to an external site. webpage and search for the area that provides more information about and links to each state’s Medicaid Fraud Control Unit.
• As you analyze your case and prepare for the Discussion, consider possible motivations behind this criminal act. What could an administrator do to prevent this from happening or to address it effectively once it is detected? Would a compliance program (refer to “Compliance 101” in the Learning Resources) be of value in preventing or detecting and then correcting this criminal issue?

Post your Discussion, to include the following:

• Briefly describe the case you selected and briefly describe the state and/or federal laws that are involved in your case. (If you are an international student, briefly describe the regional laws that are involved in your case.)
• Explain the ramifications of this criminal action or other action for the individuals and organizations involved (e.g., states working with the federal government in capturing fraud). Specifically, identify the penalties that resulted for individuals and organizations.
• Analyze the possible motivations behind the criminal act committed in the case you selected and how it relates to health care.
• Describe at least two basic ethical principles that may apply to this case.
• Finally, identify actions healthcare leaders can take to mitigate or prevent this type of issue.

Support your response by identifying and explaining key points and/or examples presented in the Learning Resources.

titled “Forecasting, Extrapolation, and Trends in Managerial Decision-Making”

Explain a demand function. Describe how managers use historical data to estimate it, highlighting the roles of regression, trend identification, and extrapolation beyond the observed sample. Describe at least two specific forecasting techniques from the chapter (e.g., linear trend extrapolation or multivariate regression-based forecasts), noting their assumptions, strengths, and limitations for predicting future sales or revenues. Apply one or more of these techniques to a concrete forecasting problem of your choice (such as projecting demand for a new pricing strategy, a product line extension, or an international market expansion), clearly stating your variables, data needs, and the steps you would follow. Evaluate the reliability and ethical use of your forecast. Discuss issues such as model misspecification, overreliance on trends, structural breaks, and the risk of drawing causal conclusions from purely correlational patterns. Your discussion should consistently connect back to the terminology and logic of Chapter 3 (e.g., demand estimation, regression, trends, extrapolation). Show how sound forecasting can inform responsible managerial decisions under uncertainty. Note: Avoid overdependence on direct quotes. Direct quotes are a great way to strengthen our assertions and provide support. However, be sure to avoid using excessive direct quotes in lieu of original thought.

4 pages use book as reference

Exhibits 1.19, 1.20, 1.21, 1.22 and 1.23 of Integrative Case 1.1 (Chapter 1) present the financial statements for Walmart for 2017 to 2020. In addition, the website for this text (www.cengagebrain.com) contains Walmart’s January 31, 2021, Form 10-K. You should read the management discussion and analysis (MD&A), financial statements, and notes to the financial statements, especially Note 2, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.”

Required

a.        Given your knowledge of Walmart’s key success and risk factors, use the note information described previously to evaluate Walmart’s accounting quality.

b.       If you believe that Walmart’s accounting policy does not yield measurements of assets and liabilities that reflect economic reality and a measurement of net income that is predictive of future earnings, suggest any changes that you would make to assets, liabilities, and earnings to improve accounting quality. (At this point in your learning process, if you do not have specific numerical adjustments to propose, at least describe potential journal entries you would make to change the financial statements, if any, and what information you might need to make those entries.)

c.        Evaluate whether your proposed adjustments are necessary for (1) credit analysis and (2) equity valuation.

35734854 – Cengage US ©

35734854 – Cengage US ©

In the Global Health and National Borders: The Ethics of Foreign Aid in a Time of Financial Crisis report, four theories of justice are presented as they relate to global health. Briefly discuss each theory and assess its individual strengths and weaknesses.  Submit the assignment as a 2 page- Microsoft Word document with double spacing, 12-point Times New Roman font, and one-inch margins. As you write the short paper , consider how diversity, equity, and inclusion can be included. Sources should be cited according to APA style. Be certain to read through the rubric to include all of the required elements.

RUBRIC

Includes all of the main elements and requirements and cites multiple examples to illustrate each element

Provides in-depth analysis that demonstrates complete understanding of multiple concepts

All of the course concepts are correctly applied

Draws insightful conclusions that are thoroughly defended with evidence and examples

Incorporates many scholarly resources effectively that reflect depth and breadth of research

Exceeds expectations with an intentional use of language that promotes a thorough understanding

Using the following link:

U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. (1979). The Belmont report. Office for Human Research Protections. https://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/regulations-and-policy/belmont-report/read-the-belmont-report/index.htmlLinks to an external site.

Read the Belmont’s Report: Using the topic selected for your practice change project, create a case study that describes how the ethical principles of respect for persons, beneficence, and justice will be protected during your project.

Contribute a minimum of 4 pages. It should include at least 3 academic sources, formatted and cited in APA.

CANT HAVE MORE THAN 10% PLAGIARISM PLEASE

DUE DATE JUNE 4, 2026

Discussion Assignment Instructions

You will complete 4 Discussions in this course. You will post one thread of 750 words by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Thursday of the assigned Module: Week. References must be in current APA format.

Based on your required Learn items for this week and your own scholarly research, summarize why a professional code of ethics is necessary in the urban planning profession while engaged in a national, state, and/or local governmental planning organization. Apply one code of ethics violation from the textbook readings or your own research in the literature on planning ethics. Please use scripture(s) to support the position and integrate within your post and not at the end of the post. Determine a biblical viewpoint concerning the planning issue. Please use scripture to support the position. Integrate Biblical verses rather than at the end of the post.

ou will choose one of the surveys and analyze the construction and validity of one of the survey items/questions and its associated answer options. Do not answer the survey questions; rather you will analyze one item/question on one of the surveys.  For your initial post, review the following two surveys covering social justice and career considerations:

Survey: Social Justice in the United States Survey: Careers Choose one of the surveys to analyze in the discussion. Include the title of the survey you select in the title of your post. Answer the following questions about the survey you chose. Note: Unlike for the other discussions in this course, you must start a thread or complete your initial post to read and reply to your peers’ posts.

What one item/question you would change to improve the survey? Describe how the item/question is currently written and how it would be written if you changed it. Explain why you would change this item/question based on what you have learned in the course about creating a good survey. Use key terminology and concepts from your reading to explain your rationale for the improvements. Cite and reference your sources. Think about the one item/question you selected to revise. What is the scale of measurement for this item/question (categorical, ordinal, interval, ratio) as it was originally written? What do you notice about the item/question that leads you to believe it is categorical, ordinal, interval, or ratio? Use sources to support your reasoning. Will your revision to the item/question change the level of measurement? Explain how the level of measurement would be the same or different with your revision. Use sources to support your reasoning. How does appropriate survey construction relate to the programmatic theme of ethics?

DISCUSSION 2 NEED 2 PARAGRAPH

Given the fact that Medicare and Medicaid cover the elderly and the indigent and CHIP covers children, explain why is there such pushback to compulsory (universal) health coverage in the United States.

Discussion Assignment Instructions

 You will complete 4 Discussions in this course. You will post one thread of 750 words by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Thursday of the assigned Module: Week. References must be in current APA format.

Based on your required Learn items for this week and your own scholarly research, summarize why a professional code of ethics is necessary in the urban planning profession while engaged in a national, state, and/or local governmental planning organization. Apply one code of ethics violation from the textbook readings or your own research in the literature on planning ethics. Please use scripture(s) to support the position and integrate within your post and not at the end of the post. Determine a biblical viewpoint concerning the planning issue. Please use scripture to support the position. Integrate Biblical verses rather than at the end of the post.

ou started your capstone phase by posting a first draft of your problem statement. While there will be many more drafts and revisions, having started the process of finding a topic is catapulting yourself forward in the doctoral program. It is of utmost importance that you consider the feedback from your instructor carefully. Every word matters!

Please keep revising your problem statement based on your instructor’s feedback. There will be many more revisions.

A problem can only be investigated in a capstone study if you have solid evidence that it exists.

In addition to you identifying the problem (for example, through personal communication at your local site), the problem must be considered a problem in the educational discipline by published research. Your work builds on, and adds to, the work other scholars have done. To determine if your research problem is current, you need to search the most recent peer-reviewed literature. At this point in your study, seek reference literature that has been published within the last 3 years.

The university library provides information on how to use Boolean terms to narrow your searches of recent peer-reviewed literature: https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/library/keyword/booleanLinks to an external site..

Your topic must be aligned to the specialization you enrolled in for your degree program.  For example, if your specialization is Curriculum, Instruction, and Assessment then your topic must focus on either Curriculum, Instruction, or Assessment. You would not be able to study “retention of biology professors at research universities” as a topic. A list of topics appropriate for your specialization is located on our website at: https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/research-center/program-documents/eddLinks to an external site.. Click on “Students Working on Prospectus Form”.

If in doubt, please reach out to your specialization coordinator. Their names and email addresses are also available on our website.

Before you search the literature, you should complete the lesson on “Critical Reading” which you can find at:

https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/academic-skills-center/success-strategies/critical-readingLinks to an external site.  

Please review the “Critical Reading for Evaluation” slide presentations which is located toward the middle of the page.

To prepare:

• Bookmark our website: https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/research-center/program-documents/eddLinks to an external site.
• Review the resources.
• Review the feedback from your instructor on your first-week discussion posting.
• Review the feedback from your instructor to your fellow students – most doctoral students go through the same thinking process and therefore, you will learn from feedback others received as well.

Instructions for Prospectus Form

1. Download the prospectus form from the EdD website:
   https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/research-center/program-documents/eddLinks to an external site.
   Click on “Students Working on Prospectus Form”
2. Name your file “Lastname, Firstname DQ Prospectus Draft 1 on (insert date).”
3. Print the appendix of the Prospectus Form and review the examples.
4. Read the instructions at the top and complete your name, student ID, and program/specialization. Ignore the other boxes for now.
5. Insert a working title even though you will change it at least a dozen times.
6. Start inserting the peer-reviewed, recent literature you have already read. Make sure to cite in APA7 (see Week 1 tutorial). Note that dissertations in ProQuest are not peer-reviewed. Try to have two or three articles for now.
7. Write your one-sentence problem statement without changing the sentence prompt in the form.
8. Insert the evidence of the problem. Any evidence needs to be publicly available (average test scores on district websites, college dropout rates on the Department of Education website, personal communication, etc.).
9. If you have solid evidence in form of data, insert a table with the data for the last 3 years (years are the rows of the table). The table needs to be in APA7. See the following website for more guidance: https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/formandstyle/apa/tablesfiguresLinks to an external site.
10. Understand our Academic Integrity Guidelines, including the appropriate and inappropriate use of AI Tools

 

 

 

• Walden University Library. (n.d.-b). Keyword searching: Finding articles on your topic: Connect keywordsLinks to an external site.. Walden Academic Guides. https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/library/keyword/boolean
• Walden University Capstone Form and Style. (n.d.). Tables and figures: HomeLinks to an external site.. Walden University Academic Guides. https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/formandstyle/apa/tablesfigures
• Walden University Office of Research and Doctoral Services. (n.d.-b). Doctoral prospectus resourcesLinks to an external site.. https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/research-center/program-documents/prospectus-resources
  • Note: Please refer to the EDD Prospectus Form link on this web page.

 

• OASIS: Academic Skill Center. (n.d.-a). Critical Reading Links to an external site. [Multimedia]. Walden University. https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/academic-skills-center/success-strategies/critical-reading
  • Note: Please review the “Critical Reading for Evaluation” slides which is located toward the middle of the page.
• Walden University Center for Social Change. (n.d.). Scholars of changeLinks to an external site. [Video].  https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/social-change/scholars-of-change
  • Go to the Walden Center for Social Changed and view videos about Walden’s Scholars of Change.
• Walden University, LLC. (2016e). Dr. Research: Review of literature [Multimedia]. Walden University Canvas. https://waldenu.instructure.com.
  Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 2 minutes

 

Problem statement

The problem that will be addressed through this study is that, despite implementing a comprehensive first-year seminar and peer mentoring program, approximately 40% of first-year students at a midsize public university drop out before reaching their sophomore year of college.

You started your capstone phase by posting a first draft of your problem statement. While there will be many more drafts and revisions, having started the process of finding a topic is catapulting yourself forward in the doctoral program. It is of utmost importance that you consider the feedback from your instructor carefully. Every word matters!

Please keep revising your problem statement based on your instructor’s feedback. There will be many more revisions.

A problem can only be investigated in a capstone study if you have solid evidence that it exists.

In addition to you identifying the problem (for example, through personal communication at your local site), the problem must be considered a problem in the educational discipline by published research. Your work builds on, and adds to, the work other scholars have done. To determine if your research problem is current, you need to search the most recent peer-reviewed literature. At this point in your study, seek reference literature that has been published within the last 3 years.

The university library provides information on how to use Boolean terms to narrow your searches of recent peer-reviewed literature: https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/library/keyword/booleanLinks to an external site..

Your topic must be aligned to the specialization you enrolled in for your degree program.  For example, if your specialization is Curriculum, Instruction, and Assessment then your topic must focus on either Curriculum, Instruction, or Assessment. You would not be able to study “retention of biology professors at research universities” as a topic. A list of topics appropriate for your specialization is located on our website at: https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/research-center/program-documents/eddLinks to an external site.. Click on “Students Working on Prospectus Form”.

If in doubt, please reach out to your specialization coordinator. Their names and email addresses are also available on our website.

Before you search the literature, you should complete the lesson on “Critical Reading” which you can find at:

https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/academic-skills-center/success-strategies/critical-readingLinks to an external site.  

Please review the “Critical Reading for Evaluation” slide presentations which is located toward the middle of the page.

To prepare:

• Bookmark our website: https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/research-center/program-documents/eddLinks to an external site.
• Review the resources.
• Review the feedback from your instructor on your first-week discussion posting.
• Review the feedback from your instructor to your fellow students – most doctoral students go through the same thinking process and therefore, you will learn from feedback others received as well.

Instructions for Prospectus Form

1. Download the prospectus form from the EdD website:
   https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/research-center/program-documents/eddLinks to an external site.
   Click on “Students Working on Prospectus Form”
2. Name your file “Lastname, Firstname DQ Prospectus Draft 1 on (insert date).”
3. Print the appendix of the Prospectus Form and review the examples.
4. Read the instructions at the top and complete your name, student ID, and program/specialization. Ignore the other boxes for now.
5. Insert a working title even though you will change it at least a dozen times.
6. Start inserting the peer-reviewed, recent literature you have already read. Make sure to cite in APA7 (see Week 1 tutorial). Note that dissertations in ProQuest are not peer-reviewed. Try to have two or three articles for now.
7. Write your one-sentence problem statement without changing the sentence prompt in the form.
8. Insert the evidence of the problem. Any evidence needs to be publicly available (average test scores on district websites, college dropout rates on the Department of Education website, personal communication, etc.).
9. If you have solid evidence in form of data, insert a table with the data for the last 3 years (years are the rows of the table). The table needs to be in APA7. See the following website for more guidance: https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/formandstyle/apa/tablesfiguresLinks to an external site.
10. Understand our Academic Integrity Guidelines, including the appropriate and inappropriate use of AI Tools

 

 

 

• Walden University Library. (n.d.-b). Keyword searching: Finding articles on your topic: Connect keywordsLinks to an external site.. Walden Academic Guides. https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/library/keyword/boolean
• Walden University Capstone Form and Style. (n.d.). Tables and figures: HomeLinks to an external site.. Walden University Academic Guides. https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/formandstyle/apa/tablesfigures
• Walden University Office of Research and Doctoral Services. (n.d.-b). Doctoral prospectus resourcesLinks to an external site.. https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/research-center/program-documents/prospectus-resources
  • Note: Please refer to the EDD Prospectus Form link on this web page.

 

• OASIS: Academic Skill Center. (n.d.-a). Critical Reading Links to an external site. [Multimedia]. Walden University. https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/academic-skills-center/success-strategies/critical-reading
  • Note: Please review the “Critical Reading for Evaluation” slides which is located toward the middle of the page.
• Walden University Center for Social Change. (n.d.). Scholars of changeLinks to an external site. [Video].  https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/social-change/scholars-of-change
  • Go to the Walden Center for Social Changed and view videos about Walden’s Scholars of Change.
• Walden University, LLC. (2016e). Dr. Research: Review of literature [Multimedia]. Walden University Canvas. https://waldenu.instructure.com.
  Note: The approximate length of this media piece is 2 minutes

 

Problem statement

The problem that will be addressed through this study is that, despite implementing a comprehensive first-year seminar and peer mentoring program, approximately 40% of first-year students at a midsize public university drop out before reaching their sophomore year of college.